背嚢と帽子と角笛


The knapsack, the hat, and the horn


昔、3人の兄弟がいましたが、だんだん貧しくなり、とうとうあまりに貧しくて空腹を我慢しなくてはなりませんでした。何も食べたり飲んだりするものがなかったのです。それで「こんな風に続けていられない。世界に出て運を試してみたほうがいいよ。」と言いました。従って3人は出かけていき、すでに沢山の道と沢山の草の上を歩きましたが、幸運にはあっていませんでした。ある日、大きな森に着き、その真ん中に丘があり、近寄ってみるとその丘は全部銀でした。それで長男は「今おれは望んだ幸運を見つけたよ。もうこれ以上何も欲しくないよ。」と言って、運べるだけ多くの銀をとり、向きを変えるとまた家に帰りました。
しかし他の二人は「幸運からただの銀よりもっと多くの何かが欲しい。」と言って、銀には触れず、道を進みました。止まらずに2日長く歩いたあと、全部金の丘に着きました。2番目の兄は立ち止まり、心の中で考えましたが、決心できませんでした。「どうしようか。この金を沢山持っていって残りの人生は十分になるだろうか。それとももっと行こうか?」とうとう決心がついて、ポケットに入るだけ多く詰め込んで、弟にさよならを言うと家に帰りました。
しかし3番目は、「金銀は僕を感動させない。僕は運試しの機会を捨てないぞ。多分もっといいものがまだ与えられるだろう。」と言って旅を続けました。3日歩いたとき、前の森より更に大きく、決して果てに着きそうもない森に着きました。そして食べたり飲んだりするものが何も見つからなかったので、ほとんど精魂が尽きました。それで、上だと森の果てが見えるか確かめようと高い木に登りましたが、目の届くかぎりでは木のてっぺん以外何も見えませんでした。それで、木を下り始めましたが、空腹でたまらず、「もう一度お腹いっぱい食べれさえすればなあ」と心の中で思いました。
下に下りると、木の下にご馳走が広げられて、自分の方に湯気が立ちのぼってくる食卓があったのでびっくりしました。「今度は願いが適当な時期に本当になってている」と言いました。そして、誰がその食べ物を持ってきたか、誰が料理したかを尋ねずに、空腹がいやされるまで楽しんで食べました。食事が終わると、綺麗な小さいテーブル掛けがここの森に捨てられるのは結局は残念だと思い、きちんとたたんでポケットにしまいました。それからまた旅を続けました。そして夜になってまた空腹になると、小さい布を試してみようと思い、広げて、「またご馳走でいっぱいにして欲しい」と言いました。その願いが唇を通るとすぐに最も素晴らしい食べ物がのっている皿が置けるだけ沢山テーブルにのっていました。「今、どの台所で料理が作られるかわかった。 お前は金銀の山より僕にとって高価だ。」と彼は言いました。というのはそれが魔法の布だとはっきりわかったからです。しかし、布では、家で静かに座っていさせるにはまだ十分ではありませんでした。 それよりも世界を放浪し、さらに運を試したいと思いました。ある夜、寂しい森で、ほこりだらけの黒い炭焼きに会いました。そこで炭を焼いていたのですが、火のそばにジャガイモをおいて、食事をつくるところでした。「今晩は、クロウタドリさん、1人でどうだい?」と若者は言いました。
「来る日も来る日も同じだね。毎晩じゃがいもだよ。食べてみるかい?お客になりませんか?」と炭焼きは答えました。「どうもありがとう、君の夕食を盗む気はないよ、お客を予定に入れてなかったでしょ。だけど僕のもっているもので我慢してくれるなら、君を招待するよ。」と旅人は言いました。「誰が用意してくれるんだね?あなたは何ももっていないし、二時間歩く範囲ても何かくれそうな人はだれもいないよ。」と炭焼きは言いました。「それでも食事があるんだ。しかも今まで食べたどれよりもおいしいのがね。」と若者は答えて、背嚢から布を取り出し、地面に広げ、「小さな布よ、ご馳走を出せ」と言いました。するとすぐに、まるで今台所からでてきたばかりのように熱く煮た肉と焼いた肉がそこにありました。
炭焼きは目を見開いてそれを見つめましたが、急かすまでもなく、食べ始め、突っついて一口をだんだん大きくし黒い口に入れました。全部食べてしまうと、炭焼きは満足してにっこりし、「ねぇ、そのテーブル掛けはいいね。この森では私にとってすばらしいものになるよ。ここでは誰も僕に料理してくれる人がいないからね。取替えっこしてくれないか。そこの隅に兵隊の背嚢が下がっているだろ。 確かに古くてぼろっちいけど、中に隠れた素晴らしい力があるんだ。だけどもう使わないから、テーブル掛けと交換にあげるよ。」と言いました。「まずどんな素晴らしい力があるのか知らなくちゃ。」と若者は答えました。
「教えるよ、手でトントンたたくたび伍長と頭から足まで武装した6人が出てきて、命令した何でもやるんだ。」と炭焼きは答えました。「僕に関する限り、他に何もやれることがなければ交換しよう。」と若者は言い、炭焼きに布を渡し、フックから背嚢をとって背負い、別れを告げました。暫く歩いたとき、背嚢の魔法の力を試してみたくなり、トントンたたきました。すると途端に7人の兵士が歩いてきて、伍長が「ご主人様何をお望みでしょう?」と言いました。 「全速力で炭焼きのところへ行き、私の魔法の布を取り戻して来い」と若者がいうと、兵士たちは左を向き、間もなく要求したものを持ち帰りました。そして多くの質問をしないで、炭焼きからとってきたのでした。若者は背嚢に戻るよう命令して、旅を続け、幸運がもっと明るく照るよう望みました。日が暮れるまでに夕食を火のそばで準備している別の炭焼きのところにきました。「肉汁はないが塩でジャガイモを食べる気があれば、来て一緒に座れよ。」とクロウタドリが言いました。「いや、今回は君がお客になるんだ。」と若者は答え、布を広げると、あっという間に最も美しい料理でいっぱいになりました。二人は一緒に飲んで食べて心から楽しく過ごしました。食事が終わると、炭焼きは「棚の上に小さな古い擦り切れた帽子があるんだが、不思議な性質があるんだ。誰かかぶって頭の上でまわすと、12発一緒に発射されたみたいに大砲が出て、何でも全部目茶目茶にするから誰ももちこたえられないんだよ。その帽子は僕には役に立たないから、君のテーブル掛けと交換に喜んであげるよ。」と言いました。
「とても結構だ。」と若者は答え、帽子をとってかぶり、テーブル掛けをおいてきました。しかし、立ち去るとすぐ背嚢をトントンたたき、兵士たちは布を取り戻しに行かなければなりませんでした。「1つがもう1つに続いてくる。僕の運はまだ終わりにきていないようだ。」と思いました。その思いは若者をだましませんでした。丸1日歩いたあと、3番目の炭焼きのところに来ました。そして前の炭焼きと同じように肉汁のないジャガイモに招待しました。しかし、若者は魔法の布の食事を一緒にさせてあげました。そしてその炭焼きは布がとても気に入ったので、帽子とはとても違った性質の角笛と交換することを申し出ました。だれかそれを吹いた瞬間、城壁や要塞がすべて崩れ落ち、町や村が全部廃墟になるというのです。若者はこれを聞いてすぐ、炭焼きに布をあげました。しかし、後に、兵士たちを取り戻しにやりました。その結果、とうとう背嚢、帽子、角笛の3つが全部手に入りました。さあ、「これで僕はいっぱしの男だ。家に帰って兄たちの暮らしぶりを見るときだな」と若者は言いました。
家に着くと、兄たちは金銀で美しい家を建てて、裕福に暮らしていました。会いに行くと、ぼろぼろの上着を着て、頭にはみすぼらしい帽子をかぶり、古い背嚢を背負って入ってきたので、兄たちは弟だと認めようとはしませんでした。「お前は、金銀を見下し、自分にはもっといいものを望んだ私たちの弟だと言ってるよな。そういう人は強大な王様のように豪華な馬車に乗って到着するもんだ。乞食のようにではなく、な。」と嘲って言い、玄関から追い出しました。それで弟は激怒して背嚢をたたき、150人が頭から足まで武装して目の前に立ちました。それから、兵士たちに命令し、兄弟の家を囲ませ、、二人はハシバミ棒を持って傲慢な兄弟を自分が誰かわかるまで打ち据えさせました。
激しい騒動がおこり、人々が走ってきて、困っている二人に手を貸そうとしましたが、兵士たちにかないませんでした。このニュースがとうとう王様のところに届くと、とても怒り、指揮官に軍と一緒に行き、この平和を乱す者を町から追い出すよう命じました。しかし、背嚢もちの男はすぐにさらに大きい兵士の一群を出し、に反撃し、指揮官と部下たちは鼻血を出して退却させられました。王様は「このごろつきはまだ鎮圧されていない。」と言い、次の日、さらに大軍を送りましたが、前よりも更によくありませんでした。若者はさらに上回る兵士を出し、早く終わらせるため、帽子を頭の上で2度回したので、重砲が鳴り響き、王様の部下たちは破れ、逃げました。
「こうなったら、王様が娘を妻にくれるまで和解しないぞ。そして僕が代理で国全体を治めるんだ。」と若者は言い、それを王様に告げさせました。それで、王様は娘に「困ったことに解決の道が無い。私には、あの者が望むことをやる他に方法がない。私が平和を望み、頭に王冠を載せておくにはお前をあげなければならない。」と言いました。
それで結婚式が祝われましたが、王様の娘は、夫がみすぼらしい帽子をかぶり背嚢を背負っている平民なことに腹を立てていました。夫を厄介払いしたくて、日夜どうしたらこれを果たせるか研究しました。そして、「もしかして不思議な力は背嚢にあるのかしら」と思いました。それで愛を装って抱き、男の心が和らいだとき、「その嫌な背嚢を脇に置いておきさえすればいいのに。そのせいであなたはとても醜くみえるから恥ずかしいわ。」と言いました。「お前、この背嚢は一番の宝なんだよ。これをもっている限り、私が恐れる力がこの世にないのだ。」と言って、その背嚢に与えられている素晴らしい美点を娘に洩らしました。
すると娘はまるでキスしようとしているかのように若者の腕に身を投げ出しましたが、巧妙に肩から背嚢を外しそれを持って逃げました。そして一人になると早速背嚢をたたき、兵士たちに前の主人をつかまえ王宮から連れ出すように命令しました。兵士たちは従いました。すると偽りの妻は更に多くの兵を送り男を国から追い出すことにしました。若者はもし帽子をもっていなかったら殺されていたでしょう。それで両手が自由になるとすぐ2回まわしました。途端に大砲が鳴り響き、全てを破壊したので、王様の娘は出てきて許しを乞うしかありませんでした。とても心を動かされる言葉で願い、もっといい妻になるというので、男は納得し、和平を結びました。
王様の娘は、愛想良く振る舞いとても愛してるかのように演じたので暫くすると男をだませるようになりました。その結果、男は、だれかが背嚢を手に入れても、まだ帽子があるかぎり自分には何も手出しできないのだと打ち明けました。娘は、その秘密を聞くと男が眠るまで待ち、帽子を奪っていき、通りに投げました。しかし若者にはまだ角笛が残っていました。そして、とても怒って全力で吹きました。
そくざに城砦や要塞、町や村が崩壊し、王様や娘は下敷きになって死んでしまいました。若者が角笛を下に置かないでもう少し長く吹いていたら、全てが廃墟になり、石ですらなくなっていたでしょう。その後は誰も反対する者はなく、若者は国全体の王様になりました。
There were once three brothers who had fallen deeper and deeper into poverty, and at last their need was so great that they had to endure hunger, and had nothing to eat or drink. Then said they, "We cannot go on thus, we had better go into the world and seek our fortune." They therefore set out, and had already walked over many a long road and many a blade of grass, but had not yet met with good luck. One day they arrived in a great forest, and in the midst of it was a hill, and when they came nearer they saw that the hill was all silver. Then spoke the eldest, "Now I have found the good luck I wished for, and I desire nothing more." He took as much of the silver as he could possibly carry, and then turned back and went home again. But the two others said, "We want something more from good luck than mere silver," and did not touch it, but went onwards. After they had walked for two days longer without stopping, they came to a hill which was all gold. The second brother stopped, took thought with himself, and was undecided. "What shall I do?" said he; "shall I take for myself so much of this gold, that I have sufficient for all the rest of my life, or shall I go farther?" At length he made a decision, and putting as much into his pockets as would go in, said farewell to his brother, and went home. But the third said, "Silver and gold do not move me, I will not renounce my chance of fortune, perhaps something better still will be given me." He journeyed onwards, and when he had walked for three days, he got into a forest which was still larger than the one before, and never would come to an end, and as he found nothing to eat or to drink, he was all but exhausted. Then he climbed up a high tree to find out if up there he could see the end of the forest, but so far as his eye could pierce he saw nothing but the tops of trees. Then he began to descend the tree again, but hunger tormented him, and he thought to himself, "If I could but eat my fill once more!" When he got down he saw with astonishment a table beneath the tree richly spread with food, the steam of which rose up to meet him. "This time," said he, "my wish has been fulfilled at the right moment." And without inquiring who had brought the food, or who had cooked it, he approached the table, and ate with enjoyment until he had appeased his hunger. When he was done, he thought, "It would after all be a pity if the pretty little table-cloth were to be spoilt in the forest here," and folded it up tidily and put it in his pocket. Then he went onwards, and in the evening, when hunger once more made itself felt, he wanted to make a trial of his little cloth, and spread it out and said, "I wish thee to be covered with good cheer again," and scarcely had the wish crossed his lips than as many dishes with the most exquisite food on them stood on the table as there was room for. "Now I perceive," said he, "in what kitchen my cooking is done. Thou shalt be dearer to me than the mountains of silver and gold." For he saw plainly that it was a wishing-cloth. The cloth, however, was still not enough to enable him to sit down quietly at home; he preferred to wander about the world and pursue his fortune farther. One night he met, in a lonely wood, a dusty, black charcoal-burner, who was burning charcoal there, and had some potatoes by the fire, on which he was going to make a meal. "Good evening, blackbird!" said the youth. "How dost thou get on in thy solitude?" - "One day is like another," replied the charcoal-burner, "and every night potatoes! Hast thou a mind to have some, and wilt thou be my guest?" - "Many thanks," replied the traveler, "I won't rob thee of thy supper; thou didst not reckon on a visitor, but if thou wilt put up with what I have, thou shalt have an invitation." - "Who is to prepare it for thee?" said the charcoal-burner. "I see that thou hast nothing with thee, and there is no one within a two hours' walk who could give thee anything." - "And yet there shall be a meal," answered the youth, "and better than any thou hast ever tasted." Thereupon he brought his cloth out of his knapsack, spread it on the ground, and said, "Little cloth, cover thyself," and instantly boiled meat and baked meat stood there, and as hot as if it had just come out of the kitchen. The charcoal-burner stared, but did not require much pressing; he fell to, and thrust larger and larger mouthfuls into his black mouth. When they had eaten everything, the charcoal-burner smiled contentedly, and said, "Hark thee, thy table-cloth has my approval; it would be a fine thing for me in this forest, where no one ever cooks me anything good. I will propose an exchange to thee; there in the corner hangs a soldier's knapsack, which is certainly old and shabby, but in it lie concealed wonderful powers; but, as I no longer use it, I will give it to thee for the table-cloth." - "I must first know what these wonderful powers are," answered the youth. "That will I tell thee," replied the charcoal-burner; "every time thou tappest it with thy hand, a corporal comes with six men armed from head to foot, and they do whatsoever thou commandest them." - "So far as I am concerned," said the youth, "if nothing else can be done, we will exchange," and he gave the charcoal-burner the cloth, took the knapsack from the hook, put it on, and bade farewell. When he had walked a while, he wished to make a trial of the magical powers of his knapsack and tapped it. Immediately the seven warriors stepped up to him, and the corporal said, "What does my lord and ruler wish for?" - "March with all speed to the charcoal-burner, and demand my wishing-cloth back." They faced to the left, and it was not long before they brought what he required, and had taken it from the charcoal-burner without asking many questions. The young man bade them retire, went onwards, and hoped fortune would shine yet more brightly on him. By sunset he came to another charcoal-burner, who was making his supper ready by the fire. "If thou wilt eat some potatoes with salt, but with no dripping, come and sit down with me," said the sooty fellow. "No, he replied, this time thou shalt be my guest," and he spread out his cloth, which was instantly covered with the most beautiful dishes. They ate and drank together, and enjoyed themselves heartily. After the meal was over, the charcoal-burner said, "Up there on that shelf lies a little old worn-out hat which has strange properties: when any one puts it on, and turns it round on his head, the cannons go off as if twelve were fired all together, and they shoot down everything so that no one can withstand them. The hat is of no use to me, and I will willingly give it for thy table-cloth." - "That suits me very well," he answered, took the hat, put it on, and left his table-cloth behind him. Hardly, however, had he walked away than he tapped on his knapsack, and his soldiers had to fetch the cloth back again. "One thing comes on the top of another," thought he, "and I feel as if my luck had not yet come to an end." Neither had his thoughts deceived him. After he had walked on for the whole of one day, he came to a third charcoal-burner, who like the previous ones, invited him to potatoes without dripping. But he let him also dine with him from his wishing-cloth, and the charcoal-burner liked it so well, that at last he offered him a horn for it, which had very different properties from those of the hat. When any one blew it all the walls and fortifications fell down, and all towns and villages became ruins. He certainly gave the charcoal-burner the cloth for it, but he afterwards sent his soldiers to demand it back again, so that at length he had the knapsack, hat and horn, all three. "Now," said he, "I am a made man, and it is time for me to go home and see how my brothers are getting on."
When he reached home, his brothers had built themselves a handsome house with their silver and gold, and were living in clover. He went to see them, but as he came in a ragged coat, with his shabby hat on his head, and his old knapsack on his back, they would not acknowledge him as their brother. They mocked and said, "Thou givest out that thou art our brother who despised silver and gold, and craved for something still better for himself. He will come in his carriage in full splendour like a mighty king, not like a beggar," and they drove him out of doors. Then he fell into a rage, and tapped his knapsack until a hundred and fifty men stood before him armed from head to foot. He commanded them to surround his brothers' house, and two of them were to take hazel-sticks with them, and beat the two insolent men until they knew who he was. A violent disturbance arose, people ran together, and wanted to lend the two some help in their need, but against the soldiers they could do nothing. News of this at length came to the King, who was very angry, and ordered a captain to march out with his troop, and drive this disturber of the peace out of the town; but the man with the knapsack soon got a greater body of men together, who repulsed the captain and his men, so that they were forced to retire with bloody noses. The King said, "This vagabond is not brought to order yet," and next day sent a still larger troop against him, but they could do even less. The youth set still more men against them, and in order to be done the sooner, he turned his hat twice round on his head, and heavy guns began to play, and the king's men were beaten and put to flight. "And now," said he, "I will not make peace until the King gives me his daughter to wife, and I govern the whole kingdom in his name." He caused this to be announced to the King, and the latter said to his daughter, "Necessity is a hard nut to crack, what remains to me but to do what he desires? If I want peace and to keep the crown on my head, I must give thee away."
So the wedding was celebrated, but the King's daughter was vexed that her husband should be a common man, who wore a shabby hat, and put on an old knapsack. She wished much to get rid of him, and night and day studied how she could accomplished this. Then she thought to herself, "Is it possible that his wonderful powers lie in the knapsack?" and she dissembled and caressed him, and when his heart was softened, she said, "If thou wouldst but lay aside that ugly knapsack, it makes disfigures thee so, that I can't help being ashamed of thee." - "Dear child," said he, "this knapsack is my greatest treasure; as long as I have it, there is no power on earth that I am afraid of." And he revealed to her the wonderful virtue with which it was endowed. Then she threw herself in his arms as if she were going to kiss him, but dexterously took the knapsack off his shoulders, and ran away with it. As soon as she was alone she tapped it, and commanded the warriors to seize their former master, and take him out of the royal palace. They obeyed, and the false wife sent still more men after him, who were to drive him quite out of the country. Then he would have been ruined if he had not had the little hat. But his hands were scarcely at liberty before he turned it twice. Immediately the cannon began to thunder, and struck down everything, and the King's daughter herself was forced to come and beg for mercy. As she entreated in such moving terms, and promised amendment, he allowed himself to be persuaded and granted her peace. She behaved in a friendly manner to him, and acted as if she loved him very much, and after some time managed so to befool him, that he confided to her that even if someone got the knapsack into his power, he could do nothing against him so long as the old hat was still his. When she knew the secret, she waited until he was asleep, and then she took the hat away from him, and had it thrown out into the street. But the horn still remained to him, and in great anger he blew it with all his strength. Instantly all walls, fortifications, towns, and villages, toppled down, and crushed the King and his daughter to death. And had he not put down the horn and had blown just a little longer, everything would have been in ruins, and not one stone would have been left standing on another. Then no one opposed him any longer, and he made himself King of the whole country.