貧乏人と金持ち


The poor man and the rich man


昔、神様自身がまだこの地上の人間の間を歩きまわっていたとき、あるとき疲れて宿屋に着く前に暗くなりました。目の前の道にお互いに向き合っている二軒の家が立っていて、一軒は大きくきれいで、もう一軒は小さくみすぼらしい家でした。大きな家は金持ちのもので、小さな家は貧乏人のものでした。それで、神様は、「金持ちなら負担にならないだろう。あそこに泊めてもらおう」と思いました。それから金持ちは誰かが戸をたたいている音を聞き、窓を開けて、「何の用だ?」と見知らぬ人に尋ねました。神様は「一晩泊めて欲しいんだが。」と答えました。すると、金持ちはその旅人を頭からつま先までながめて、神様が粗末な服を着ていてあまりお金を持っていない人のように見えたので、首を振って「だめだ、泊めてあげられない。部屋にハーブや種がいっぱいあるんでね。戸をたたく人みんなを泊めていたら、そのうち自分が物乞いして歩くようになるよ。よそで泊ってくれ。」と言って、窓を閉め、そこに神様を立たせておきました。
それで、神様は金持ちに背を向け、道を渡って小さい家に行き、戸をたたきました。そうするとすぐ、貧しい男が小さな戸をあけて、旅人に入るようにいいました。「うちに泊ってください。外はもう暗いですよ。今夜はこれ以上行けませんよ。」と男は言いました。神様はこれが気に入ったので、中に入りました。貧乏人のおかみさんが神様と握手し、歓迎して、「どうぞお楽になさってください。あるもので我慢してくださいね。さしあげるものがあまりありませんが、あるものは心をこめてお出ししますからね。」と言いました。それからじゃがいもを火にかけ、煮ている間に、じゃがいもに少しミルクを入れられるように、ヤギの乳をしぼりました。クロスが敷かれると、神様は男とおかみさんと一緒に席に着き、食事を楽しみました。というのは食卓でみんな楽しそうな顔をしていたからです。
食事が終わり寝る時間になると、おかみさんは夫を呼びだして「ねえ、あなた、今夜私たちが寝るわらの布団を作りましょう。それで可哀そうな旅の人は私たちのベッドで寝てよく休めるわ。だって一日中歩いてるんだから、お疲れですよ。」と言いました。「いいとも。」と男は答えました、「行ってお客に話してくる。」そして男は見知らぬ人のところに行き、もしよろしければ私たちのベッドで眠りゆっくり手足を休ませてください、と言いました。神様は二人のベッドを遠慮して受け取らなかったのですが、二人はそれでは気が済まず、とうとう神様は申し出を受けて二人のベッドに寝て、一方二人は床のわらに寝ました。
次の朝二人は夜明け前に起きて、お客のためにできるだけおいしい朝食を作りました。小さな窓から太陽の光が入ってきたとき、神様はもう起きていて、また二人と一緒に食べ、それから旅を続ける支度をしました。しかし戸口に立っている時、振り向いて、「あなたたちはとても親切でやさしいので、自分のために3つの願い事をしなさい、私が叶えてあげよう。」と言いました。
すると、男は「ずっと幸せでいるのが一番です。それから私たち二人が生きてる限り健康で毎日食べるパンがありますように。3番目に願うことは、何を望んだらいいのかわかりません。」と言いました。それで神様は「この古い家の代わりに新しい家を願うかね?」と言いました。「ああ、そうだね。新しい家も貰えるなら、是非そうしたいですね。」と男は言いました。それで神様は願いを叶えて、古い家を新しい家に変え、二人をもう一度祝福して、立ち去りました。
金持ちが起きたのは太陽が高く昇ってからで、窓によりかかって外を見ると、道の向い側の、前は古い小屋があったところに赤い瓦と明るい窓の新しいきれいな家がありました。男はとても驚いておかみさんを呼び、「いったい何があった?教えてくれ。昨日の夜はあそこにはみすぼらしい小さな小屋が建っていたんだ。それが今日はきれいな新しい家になっている。急いでいってどうしたのか聞いてこいよ。」と言いました。
それでおかみさんは行って貧しい男に尋ねると、男は「昨日の夜、旅の人がここに来て一晩の宿を頼んだんだよ。それで今朝、別れるとき3つの願いを叶えてくれたんだ。永遠の幸福とこの世での健康と毎日のパンだよね。その他に古い小屋の代わりに美しい新しい家だよ。」と答えました。金持ちのおかみさんはこれを聞くと、大急ぎで走って帰り、旦那に起こったことを話しました。男は、「おれは自分の体をずたずたに引き裂きたいよ。それを知っていたらなあ。旅の人はうちにも来たんだ。ここで泊りたいと言ったよ。なのにおれは追い返したんだ。」と言いました。「急いで、馬に乗って行って。まだ追いつけるわよ。そうしたらあなたにも3つの願いを叶えてくれるよう頼まなくっちゃ。」とおかみさんは言いました。
金持ちは、そうしよう、とおかみさんの言葉に従って、馬で走って行き、まもなく神様に追いつきました。男は神様にやさしくあいそよい口調で話し、すぐ家へ入れなかったことを悪くとらないようお願いしました。そして「玄関の鍵を探していたんですがね。そのうちにあなたは行ってしまわれたんです。同じ道を戻るのでしたら、家へ来てお泊りください。」と言いました。神様は、「ああ、また戻ってきたら、そうするよ。」と言いました。それで金持ちは、隣の人のように自分も3つ願い事をしてよろしいでしょうか、と尋ねました。ああ、いいよ、だけどお前のためにはならないだろうよ、何も願わない方がいいと思うがね、と神様は言いました。しかし金持ちは、叶えられると知ってさえいれば自分がもっと幸福になれるものを簡単に願うことができると考えました。それで神様は「じゃあ、馬に乗ってかえりなさい。これからする3つの願いは叶えられるよ。」と言いました。
金持ちは欲しいものを手に入れたので、馬で帰っていき、何を願おうかと考え始めました。こうして考えているうちに手綱を放し馬が跳ねまわり始め、男が考えにふけると常に邪魔されるので、全然考えをまとめることができませんでした。男は馬の首をたたいて「暴れるな、リサ」と言いましたが、馬は新しい悪ふざけを始めるばかりでした。それでとうとう腹がたち、すっかり苛立って「お前の首が折れて欲しいもんだ」と叫びました。その言葉を言った途端、馬は地面に倒れ、そこに死んで転がったまま二度と動きませんでした。こうして男の第一の願いが叶えられました。
男は生まれつきけちだったので、鞍をそこにおいていきたくありませんでした。それで鞍を切りとって背中にかつぎました。今度は歩いていかねばなりませんでした。「まだあと二つ願いが残ってるぞ。」と男は言って、そう思うことで自分を慰めました。砂地をゆっくり歩いていて、昼の太陽がかんかんにてっているので、男はすっかり機嫌が悪く怒りっぽくなってきました。鞍で背中は痛むし、何を願掛けするかまだ思いついていませんでした。「仮に世界中の富と財宝を願うとすれば、それでもあとでいろいろ他の物を思いつくだろうなあ。前からそれを知ってるよ。だけどあとで願いたいものがまったく残らないようになんとかやってみるさ」と独り言を言いました。それからため息をつき、「ああ、おれがあのバイエルン人の百姓だったらな、同じように3つの願い事を叶えてもらったじゃないか、それでどうしたらよいかとてもよく知っていたよな。まず第一に大量のビールだろ、2番目に飲めるだけのビールを、そしておまけに3番目に1樽のビールを願っていたっけな。」何度も何度も男は願うことを見つけたと思いましたが、あとで結局はその願いは少なすぎるように思えました。
それからふと、(うちのかみさんはなんて楽をしてるんだ、家にいて涼しい部屋でたのしくやってるんだからな。)と思いました。そう思うと、本当にイライラしてきて、気付かないうちに「かみさんがそこでこの鞍に乗ってておりられなければいいのに。おれが背中に担いで引きずらなくてはいけないんじゃなくてさ。」と言いました。そして最後の言葉を言い終わると、鞍は背中から消え、男は2番目の願いが叶えられたことをしりました。
それで男は実にカッカッと熱くなりました。家の自分の部屋で全く一人になり、最後の願掛けに本当に大きなことを考えようとして、走り出しました。しかし家へ着いて居間の戸を開けると、おかみさんが部屋の真ん中で鞍に座り、泣いて文句を言っていて、降りることができないでいました。それで男は、「我慢してくれ。お前のためにこの世の富すべてを願うからね。そこにいてくれ。」と言いました。しかし、かみさんは、男を馬鹿と呼び、「この鞍に乗っていなくちゃいけないなら、この世の富全てが何の役にたつのよ。あんたが私を乗るように願掛けしたんでしょ、だから降ろしてよ。」と言いました。それで否応もなく、男は3番目の願いを、かみさんが鞍から離れおりられますように、とするしかありませんでした。そしてすぐに願いは叶えられました。それで男は、いらいらし、骨折って、ののしられ、馬をなくした、ということのほかに何も得られませんでした。しかし、貧しい人たちは幸せな死を迎えるまで、満足して平穏に信心深く暮らしました。
In olden times, when the Lord himself still used to walk about on this earth amongst men, it once happened that he was tired and overtaken by the darkness before he could reach an inn. Now there stood on the road before him two houses facing each other; the one large and beautiful, the other small and poor. The large one belonged to a rich man, and the small one to a poor man.
Then the Lord thought, "I shall be no burden to the rich man, I will stay the night with him." When the rich man heard some one knocking at his door, he opened the window and asked the stranger what he wanted. The Lord answered, "I only ask for a night's lodging."
Then the rich man looked at the traveler from head to foot, and as the Lord was wearing common clothes, and did not look like one who had much money in his pocket, he shook his head, and said, "No, I cannot take you in, my rooms are full of herbs and seeds; and if I were to lodge everyone who knocked at my door, I might very soon go begging myself. Go somewhere else for a lodging," and with this he shut down the window and left the Lord standing there.
So the Lord turned his back on the rich man, and went across to the small house and knocked. He had hardly done so when the poor man opened the little door and bade the traveler come in. "Pass the night with me, it is already dark," said he; "you cannot go any further to-night." This pleased the Lord, and he went in. The poor man's wife shook hands with him, and welcomed him, and said he was to make himself at home and put up with what they had got; they had not much to offer him, but what they had they would give him with all their hearts. Then she put the potatoes on the fire, and while they were boiling, she milked the goat, that they might have a little milk with them. When the cloth was laid, the Lord sat down with the man and his wife, and he enjoyed their coarse food, for there were happy faces at the table. When they had had supper and it was bed-time, the woman called her husband apart and said, "Hark you, dear husband, let us make up a bed of straw for ourselves to-night, and then the poor traveler can sleep in our bed and have a good rest, for he has been walking the whole day through, and that makes one weary." - "With all my heart," he answered, "I will go and offer it to him;" and he went to the stranger and invited him, if he had no objection, to sleep in their bed and rest his limbs properly. But the Lord was unwilling to take their bed from the two old folks; however, they would not be satisfied, until at length he did it and lay down in their bed, while they themselves lay on some straw on the ground.
Next morning they got up before daybreak, and made as good a breakfast as they could for the guest. When the sun shone in through the little window, and the Lord had got up, he again ate with them, and then prepared to set out on his journey.
But as he was standing at the door he turned round and said, "As you are so kind and good, you may wish three things for yourselves and I will grant them." Then the man said, "What else should I wish for but eternal happiness, and that we two, as long as we live, may be healthy and have every day our daily bread; for the third wish, I do not know what to have." And the Lord said to him, "Will you wish for a new house instead of this old one?" - "Oh, yes," said the man; "if I can have that, too, I should like it very much." And the Lord fulfilled his wish, and changed their old house into a new one, again gave them his blessing, and went on.
The sun was high when the rich man got up and leaned out of his window and saw, on the opposite side of the way, a new clean-looking house with red tiles and bright windows where the old hut used to be. He was very much astonished, and called his wife and said to her, "Tell me, what can have happened? Last night there was a miserable little hut standing there, and to-day there is a beautiful new house. Run over and see how that has come to pass."
So his wife went and asked the poor man, and he said to her, "Yesterday evening a traveler came here and asked for a night's lodging, and this morning when he took leave of us he granted us three wishes -- eternal happiness, health during this life and our daily bread as well, and besides this, a beautiful new house instead of our old hut."
When the rich man's wife heard this, she ran back in haste and told her husband how it had happened. The man said, "I could tear myself to pieces! If I had but known that! That traveler came to our house too, and wanted to sleep here, and I sent him away." - "Quick!" said his wife, "get on your horse. You can still catch the man up, and then you must ask to have three wishes granted to you."
The rich man followed the good counsel and galloped away on his horse, and soon came up with the Lord. He spoke to him softly and pleasantly, and begged him not to take it amiss that he had not let him in directly; he was looking for the front-door key, and in the meantime the stranger had gone away, if he returned the same way he must come and stay with him. "Yes," said the Lord; "if I ever come back again, I will do so." Then the rich man asked if might not wish for three things too, as his neighbor had done? "Yes," said the Lord, he might, but it would not be to his advantage, and he had better not wish for anything; but the rich man thought that he could easily ask for something which would add to his happiness, if he only knew that it would be granted. So the Lord said to him, "Ride home, then, and three wishes which you shall form, shall be fulfilled."
The rich man had now gained what he wanted, so he rode home, and began to consider what he should wish for. As he was thus thinking he let the bridle fall, and the horse began to caper about, so that he was continually disturbed in his meditations, and could not collect his thoughts at all. He patted its neck, and said, "Gently, Lisa," but the horse only began new tricks. Then at last he was angry, and cried quite impatiently, "I wish your neck was broken!" Directly he had said the words, down the horse fell on the ground, and there it lay dead and never moved again. And thus was his first wish fulfilled. As he was miserly by nature, he did not like to leave the harness lying there; so he cut it off, and put it on his back; and now he had to go on foot. "I have still two wishes left," said he, and comforted himself with that thought.
And now as he was walking slowly through the sand, and the sun was burning hot at noon-day, he grew quite hot-tempered and angry. The saddle hurt his back, and he had not yet any idea what to wish for. "If I were to wish for all the riches and treasures in the world," said he to himself, "I should still to think of all kinds of other things later on, I know that, beforehand. But I will manage so that there is nothing at all left me to wish for afterwards." Then he sighed and said, "Ah, if I were but that Bavarian peasant, who likewise had three wishes granted to him, and knew quite well what to do, and in the first place wished for a great deal of beer, and in the second for as much beer as he was able to drink, and in the third for a barrel of beer into the bargain."
Many a time he thought he had found it, but then it seemed to him to be, after all, too little. Then it came into his mind, what an easy life his wife had, for she stayed at home in a cool room and enjoyed herself. This really did vex him, and before he was aware, he said, "I just wish she was sitting there on this saddle, and could not get off it, instead of my having to drag it along on my back." And as the last word was spoken, the saddle disappeared from his back, and he saw that his second wish had been fulfilled. Then he really did feel warm. He began to run and wanted to be quite alone in his own room at home, to think of something really large for his last wish. But when he arrived there and opened the parlour-door, he saw his wife sitting in the middle of the room on the saddle, crying and complaining, and quite unable to get off it. So he said, "Do bear it, and I will wish for all the riches on earth for thee, only stay where thou art." She, however, called him a fool, and said, "What good will all the riches on earth do me, if I am to sit on this saddle? Thou hast wished me on it, so thou must help me off." So whether he would or not, he was forced to let his third wish be that she should be quit of the saddle, and able to get off it, and immediately the wish was fulfilled. So he got nothing by it but vexation, trouble, abuse, and the loss of his horse; but the poor people lived happily, quietly, and piously until their happy death.